ââåthe First Outstanding Example of Renaissance Beauxarts Classicism in Americaã¢ââ

Expresses the academic neoclassical architectural style

Beaux-Arts architecture

Top: The Thou staircase of the Palais Garnier (Paris), 1860–1875, by Charles Garnier; Centre: The CEC Palace on Victory Avenue (Bucharest, Romania), 1897–1900, by Paul Gottereau;[one] Bottom: Entrance of the Grand Palais (Paris), 1900, past Charles Girault
Years agile	Early to late 19th century

Beaux-Arts architecture ( bohz AR , French: [boz‿aʁ] ( listen )) was the bookish architectural manner taught at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, particularly from the 1830s to the stop of the 19th century. It drew upon the principles of French neoclassicism, but likewise incorporated Renaissance and Baroque elements, and used modern materials, such equally atomic number 26 and glass. It was an important style in France until the end of the 19th century.

History [edit]

The Beaux-Arts style evolved from the French classicism of the Style Louis Xiv, and then French neoclassicism beginning with Style Louis XV and Style Louis XVI. French architectural styles before the French Revolution were governed by Académie royale d'architecture (1671–1793), then, following the French Revolution, by the Architecture section of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. The Academy held the contest for the Thou Prix de Rome in compages, which offered prize winners a hazard to written report the classical architecture of antiquity in Rome.^[two]

The formal neoclassicism of the old regime was challenged by four teachers at the Academy, Joseph-Louis Duc, Félix Duban, Henri Labrouste and Léon Vaudoyer, who had studied at the French Academy in Rome at the terminate of the 1820s. They wanted to break abroad from the strict formality of the old style by introducing new models of architecture from the Center Ages and the Renaissance. Their goal was to create an accurate French style based on French models. Their work was aided showtime in 1837 by the cosmos of the Commission of Celebrated Monuments, headed by the writer and historian Prosper Mérimée, and by the slap-up interest in the Middle Ages caused past the publication in 1831 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo. Their alleged intention was to "imprint upon our architecture a truly national character."^[3]

The style referred to equally Beaux-Arts in English language reached the noon of its development during the Second Empire (1852–1870) and the Third Republic that followed. The mode of instruction that produced Beaux-Arts architecture continued without major suspension until 1968.^[2]

The Beaux-Arts style heavily influenced the compages of the The states in the period from 1880 to 1920.^[four] In dissimilarity, many European architects of the period 1860–1914 outside French republic gravitated away from Beaux-Arts and towards their own national academic centers. Owing to the cultural politics of the late 19th century, British architects of Majestic classicism followed a somewhat more than independent grade, a development culminating in Sir Edwin Lutyens's New Delhi government buildings.^{[ citation needed ]}

Preparation [edit]

The Beaux-Arts preparation emphasized the mainstream examples of Royal Roman architecture between Augustus and the Severan emperors, Italian Renaissance, and French and Italian Baroque models specially, only the training could then be applied to a broader range of models: Quattrocento Florentine palace fronts or French late Gothic. American architects of the Beaux-Arts generation oftentimes returned to Greek models, which had a strong local history in the American Greek Revival of the early 19th century. For the showtime time, repertories of photographs supplemented meticulous scale drawings and on-site renderings of details.

Beaux-Arts preparation made keen use of agrafes, clasps that link one architectural particular to another; to interpenetration of forms, a Baroque habit; to "speaking compages" (compages parlante) in which supposed appropriateness of symbolism could be taken to literal-minded extremes.

Beaux-Arts training emphasized the production of quick conceptual sketches, highly finished perspective presentation drawings, shut attention to the programme, and knowledgeable detailing. Site considerations included the social and urban context.^[5]

All architects-in-grooming passed through the obligatory stages—studying antique models, constructing analos , analyses reproducing Greek or Roman models, "pocket" studies and other conventional steps—in the long competition for the few desirable places at the Académie de France à Rome (housed in the Villa Medici) with traditional requirements of sending at intervals the presentation drawings called envois de Rome.

Characteristics [edit]

Beaux-Arts compages depended on sculptural ornament forth conservative modernistic lines, employing French and Italian Baroque and Rococo formulas combined with an impressionistic finish and realism. In the façade shown above, Diana grasps the cornice she sits on in a natural activity typical of Beaux-Arts integration of sculpture with architecture.

Slightly overscaled details, bold sculptural supporting consoles, rich deep cornices, swags and sculptural enrichments in the most bravura finish the client could afford gave employment to several generations of architectural modellers and carvers of Italian and Key European backgrounds. A sense of appropriate idiom at the craftsman level supported the design teams of the beginning truly modern architectural offices.

Characteristics of Beaux-Arts compages included:

• Flat roof^[4]
• Rusticated and raised first story^[4]
• Hierarchy of spaces, from "noble spaces"—grand entrances and staircases—to commonsensical ones
• Biconvex windows^[4]
• Arched and pedimented doors^[four]
• Classical details:^[4] references to a synthesis of historicist styles and a tendency to eclecticism; fluently in a number of "manners"
• Symmetry^[4]
• Statuary,^[4] sculpture (bas-relief panels, figural sculptures, sculptural groups), murals, mosaics, and other artwork, all coordinated in theme to assert the identity of the edifice
• Classical architectural details:^[4] balustrades, pilasters, festoons, cartouches, acroteria, with a prominent display of richly detailed clasps (agrafes), brackets and supporting consoles
• Subtle polychromy

Beaux-Arts architecture by country [edit]

Europe [edit]

Kingdom of belgium [edit]

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  Herenhuis Vandenbroeck on the Avenue Molière and Avenue Brugmann, Brussels

Even though the mode was not used as much as in neighbouring country France, some examples of Beaux-Arts buildings can still be establish in Belgium. The well-nigh prominent of these examples is the Royal Museum for Fundamental Africa in Tervuren, but the complexes and triumphal arch of the Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark in Brussels and expansions of the Palace of Laeken in Brussels and Regal Galleries of Confirm also behave the Beaux-Arts fashion, created by the French builder Charles Girault. Furthermore, various large Beaux-Arts buildings can besides exist institute in Brussels on the Avenue Molière/Molièrelaan. As an old educatee of the École des Beaux-Arts and every bit a designer of the Petit Palais, Girault was the figurehead of the Beaux-Arts around the 20th century. Later on the death of Alphonse Balat, he became the new and favourite architect of Leopold II of Belgium. Since Leopold was the grandson of Louis Philippe I of France, he loved this specific building style which is similar to and has its roots in the architecture that has been realized in the 17th and 18th century for the French crown.

Beaux-Arts buildings in Belgium [edit]

• 1782: Palace of Laeken, Brussels (extensions)
• 1880: Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark, Brussels (complexes and triumphal arch)
• 1898: Majestic Museum for Fundamental Africa, Tervuren
• 1902–1906: Imperial Galleries of Ostend, Ostend (extensions)
• 1908: Avenue Molière 177–179 / Avenue Brugmann 176–178, Brussels (a combination of Fine art Nouveau, Beaux-Arts and eclecticism)
• 1909: Avenue Molière 193, Brussels
• 1910: Avenue Molière 128, Brussels
• 1910: Avenue Molière 130, Brussels
• 1910: Avenue Molière 132, Brussels
• 1910: Avenue Molière 207, Brussels
• 1912: Avenue Molière 519, Brussels
• 1912: Artery Molière 305, Brussels

France [edit]

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• 

• 

The Beaux-Arts style in France in the 19th century was initiated by four young architects trained at the École des Beaux-Arts, architects; Joseph-Louis Duc, Félix Duban, Henri Labrouste and Léon Vaudoyer, who had kickoff studied Roman and Greek compages at the Villa Medici in Rome, then in the 1820s began the systematic study of other historic architectural styles, including French architecture of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. They instituted didactics about a variety of architectural styles at the École des Beaux-Arts, and installed fragments of Renaissance and Medieval buildings in the courtyard of the school and so students could describe and copy them. Each of them as well designed new non-classical buildings in Paris inspired by a variety of different historic styles: Labrouste built the Sainte-Geneviève Library (1844–1850), Duc designed the new Palais de Justice and Courtroom of Cassation on the Île-de-la-Cité (1852–1868), Vaudroyer designed the Conservatoire national des arts et métiers (1838–1867), and Duban designed the new buildings of the École des Beaux-Arts. Together, these buildings, drawing upon Renaissance, Gothic and Romanesque and other non-classical styles, broke the monopoly of neoclassical architecture in Paris.^[6]

Germany [edit]

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  Bode Museum, Berlin

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  Laeiszhalle, Hamburg

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  Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg, Hamburg

Germany is i of the countries where the Beaux-Arts style was well received, along with Bizarre Revival compages. The style was especially popular and nigh prominently featured in the now non-existent region of Prussia during the High german Empire. The best example of Beaux-Arts buildings in Frg today are the Bode Museum in Berlin, and the Laeiszhalle and Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg in Hamburg.

Beaux-Arts buildings in Germany [edit]

• 1898–1904: Bode Museum, Berlin
• 1904–1908: Laeiszhalle, Hamburg
• 1950(?): Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg, Hamburg

Republic of hungary [edit]

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  Budapest-Nyugati Pályaudvar, Budapest

Beaux-Arts buildings in Republic of hungary [edit]

• 1875–1877: Budapest Nyugati railway station, Budapest

Italy [edit]

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  Hotel Excelsior, Naples

Beaux-Arts buildings in Italy [edit]

• 1908: Hotel Excelsior, Naples

Netherlands [edit]

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  Plan C, Rotterdam

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  Blauwbrug, Amsterdam

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  Hogesluis, Amsterdam

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  Regentessebrug, Rotterdam

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  Metropolis hall, Rotterdam

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  Former Full general Post Function, Rotterdam

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  Peace Palace, The Hague

Compared to other countries like French republic and Germany, the Beaux-Arts style never really became prominent in the Netherlands. However, a handful of significant buildings have nonetheless been made in this manner during the catamenia of 1880 to 1920, mainly being built in the cities of Rotterdam, Amsterdam and The Hague.

Beaux-Arts buildings in the Netherlands [edit]

• 1880–1889: Plan C, Rotterdam (destroyed during the German bombing of Rotterdam in 1940)
• 1883: Blauwbrug, Amsterdam
• 1883: Hogesluis, Amsterdam
• 1898: Regentessebrug, Rotterdam
• 1914–1920: City hall of Rotterdam (partially damaged during the Rotterdam Blitz of 1940 merely subsequently restored)
• 1915–1923: Former General Post Office of Rotterdam (partially damaged during the Rotterdam Blitz of 1940 but later restored)
• 1907–1913: Peace Palace, The Hague

Portugal [edit]

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  Edifício na Rua Alexandre Herculano, Lisbon

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  Edifício de Gaveto, Lisbon

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  Instituto Central da Assistência Nacional aos Tuberculosos, Lisbon

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  Sede da Ordem dos Engenheiros, Lisbon

Beaux-Arts buildings in Portugal [edit]

• 1909–1911: Building on Rua Alexandre Herculano, Lisbon
• 1912: Headquarters of the Orders of Engineers, Lisbon
• 1913: Gaveto Building, Lisbon
• Central Establish of National Assist to Tuberculosis Portugal, Lisbon

Spain [edit]

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  Estación del Norte, Madrid (renamed the Estación de Príncipe Pío after renovation in 1995)

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  Hotel Santo Mauro, Madrid

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  Casino de Madrid

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  Edificio Metrópolis, Madrid

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  Casa Reynot, Madrid

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  Gran Vía 24, Madrid

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  Homes for the Marquis of Encinares, Madrid

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  Casa-Palacio de Tomás de Beruete, Madrid

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  Former Humanities Center of the Spanish National Inquiry Quango, Madrid

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  Calle Mayor 6, Madrid

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  Spanish Navy Headquarters, Madrid

Beaux-Arts buildings in Kingdom of spain [edit]

• 1876: Purple Economic Society of Friends of the Country of Cartagena building, Cartagena
• 1876–1882: North Station, Madrid
• 1981: Casa Resines, Valladolid
• 1886: Gutierrez Passage, Valladolid
• 1902: Hotel Santo Mauro, Madrid
• 1905–1910: Casino de Madrid
• 1907–1911: Metropolis Building, Madrid
• 1908–1911: Calle de Montalbán 5, Madrid
• 1913–1916: Reynot House, Madrid
• 1919–1924: Gran Vía 24, Madrid
• 1920–1923: Homes for the Marquis of Encinares, Madrid
• 1921–1923: Mansion of Tomás de Beruete, Madrid
• 1922: One-time Humanities Center of the Spanish National Enquiry Quango, Madrid
• 1924: Calle Mayor 6, Madrid
• 1925–1928: Army Headquarters, Madrid

North America [edit]

Canada [edit]

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• 

• 

• 

Beaux-Arts was very prominent in public buildings in Canada in the early 20th century. Notably all 3 prairie provinces' legislative buildings are in this mode.

Beaux-Arts buildings in Canada [edit]

• 1898: London and Lancashire Life Building, Montreal
• 1903: Old Montreal Stock Exchange Building
• 1905: Alden Hall, Meadville
• 1907: Royal Alexandra Theatre, Toronto
• 1909: Linton Apartments, Montreal
• 1912: Sun Tower, Vancouver
• 1912: Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal
• 1912: Authorities Conference Center (originally a railway station by Ross and Macdonald), Ottawa
• 1912: Saskatchewan Legislative Building, Regina
• 1913: Alberta Legislative Edifice, Edmonton
• 1913–1920: Union Station, Toronto
• 1913–1931: Sun Life Building, Montreal
• 1920: Manitoba Legislative Edifice, Winnipeg
• 1920: Millennium Centre, Winnipeg
• 1923: Commemorative Arch, Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario
• 1923–1924: Bank of Nova Scotia, Ottawa
• 1924–2017: Former Superior Court of Justice Building, Thunder Bay
• 1927: Union Station, Toronto
• 1930: Dominion Square Building, Montreal
• 1931: Canada Life Building, Toronto
• 1932: Mount Majestic Chalet, Montreal
• 1932: Ethnic Peoples Space, Ottawa (formerly the United States Diplomatic mission)
• 1935: Dominion Public Edifice, Toronto
• 1938–1946: Supreme Court of Canada Building, Ottawa
• 1943: Hockey Hall of Fame (formerly a branch of the Banking company of Montreal), Toronto

Beaux-Arts architects in Canada [edit]

• William Sutherland Maxwell
• John M. Lyle
• Ross and Macdonald
• Sproatt & Rolph
• Pearson and Darling
• Ernest Cormier
• Jean-Omer Marchand fr:Jean-Omer Marchand

U.s.a. [edit]

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• 

• 

• 

Beaux-Arts architecture had a stiff influence on architecture in the United States considering of the many prominent American architects who studied at the École des Beaux-Arts, including Henry Hobson Richardson, John Galen Howard, Daniel Burnham, and Louis Sullivan.^{[nine] : 76}

The outset American architect to attend the École des Beaux-Arts was Richard Morris Hunt, between 1846 and 1855, followed past Henry Hobson Richardson in 1860. They were followed past an entire generation. Richardson captivated Beaux-Arts lessons in massing and spatial planning, and so applied them to Romanesque architectural models that were not characteristic of the Beaux-Arts repertory. His Beaux-Arts training taught him to transcend slavish copying and recreate in the essential fully digested and idiomatic fashion of his models. Richardson evolved a highly personal fashion (Richardsonian Romanesque) freed of historicism that was influential in early Modernism.^[10]

The "White Metropolis" of the World'due south Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago was a triumph of the motility and a major impetus for the curt-lived City Beautiful move in the Usa.^[xi] Beaux-Arts metropolis planning, with its Bizarre insistence on vistas punctuated by symmetry, eye-catching monuments, centric avenues, uniform cornice heights, a harmonious "ensemble," and a somewhat theatrical dignity and accessible charm, embraced ideals that the ensuing Modernist movement decried or just dismissed.^[12] The first American university to institute a Beaux-Arts curriculum is the Massachusetts Found of Technology (MIT) in 1893, when the French builder Abiding-Désiré Despradelle was brought to MIT to teach. The Beaux-Arts curriculum was subsequently begun at Columbia University, the University of Pennsylvania, and elsewhere.^[xiii] From 1916, the Beaux-Arts Establish of Design in New York Metropolis schooled architects, painters, and sculptors to work as active collaborators.

Numerous American university campuses were designed in the Beaux-Arts, notably: Columbia University, (commissioned in 1896), designed by McKim, Mead & White; the Academy of California, Berkeley (commissioned in 1898), designed past John Galen Howard; the Usa Naval Academy (built 1901–1908), designed by Ernest Flagg; the campus of MIT (commissioned in 1913), designed past William Due west. Bosworth; Emory University and Carnegie Mellon University (commissioned in 1908 and 1904, respectively),^[14] both designed by Henry Hornbostel; and the University of Texas (commissioned in 1931), designed by Paul Philippe Cret.

While the style of Beaux-Art buildings was adjusted from historical models, the structure used the almost modern available technology. The Grand Palais in Paris (1897–1900) had a modern iron frame inside; the classical columns were purely for ornament. The 1914–1916 construction of the Carolands Chateau s of San Francisco was built to withstand earthquakes, following the devastating 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The noted Spanish structural engineer Rafael Guastavino (1842–1908), famous for his vaultings, known as Guastavino tile work, designed vaults in dozens of Beaux-Arts buildings in Boston, New York, and elsewhere. Beaux-Arts architecture besides brought a civic face to railroads. Chicago's Wedlock Station, Detroit'southward Michigan Fundamental Station, Jacksonville's Union Terminal, Chiliad Central Terminal and the original Pennsylvania Station in New York, and Washington, DC's Spousal relationship Station are famous American examples of this fashion. Cincinnati has a number of notable Beaux-Arts style buildings, including the Hamilton County Memorial Building in the Over-the-Rhine neighborhood, and the former East End Carnegie library in the Columbia-Tusculum neighborhood. An ecclesiastical variant on the Beaux-Arts fashion is Minneapolis' Basilica of St. Mary,^[15] the starting time basilica in the United States, which was designed by Franco-American architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray (1861–1917) and opened in 1914, and a Freemason temple variant, the Plainfield Masonic Temple, in Plainfield, New Bailiwick of jersey, designed past John E. Minott in 1927. The main co-operative of the New York Public Library is another prominent instance. Some other prominent U.S. case of the style is the largest bookish dormitory in the world, Bancroft Hall at the abovementioned Us Naval Academy.^[sixteen] The tallest railway station in the earth at the fourth dimension of completion, Michigan Cardinal Station in Detroit, was also designed in the style.^[17]

Beaux-Arts architects in the United States [edit]

In the belatedly 1800s, during the years when Beaux-Arts compages was at a pinnacle in France, Americans were one of the largest groups of foreigners in Paris. Many of them were architects and students of architecture who brought this manner back to America.^[18] The following individuals, students of the École des Beaux-Arts, are identified as creating piece of work characteristic of the Beaux-Arts style within the United States:

• Otto Eugene Adams
• William A. Deadening
• William W. Bosworth
• Arthur Brownish Jr.
• Daniel Burnham
• Carrère and Hastings
• James Edwin Ruthven Carpenter Jr.
• Paul Philippe Cret
• Edward Emmett Dougherty
• Ernest Flagg
• Robert W. Gibson
• C. P. H. Gilbert
• Cass Gilbert
• Thomas Hastings
• Raymond Hood
• Henry Hornbostel
• Richard Morris Hunt
• Albert Kahn
• Charles Klauder
• Ellamae Ellis League
• Electus D. Litchfield
• Austin W. Lord
• Emmanuel Louis Masqueray
• William Rutherford Mead
• John E. Minott
• Julia Morgan
• Charles Follen McKim
• Harry B. Mulliken
• Kenneth MacKenzie Murchison
• Henry Orth
• Theodore Wells Pietsch I
• Willis Polk
• John Russell Pope
• Arthur Wallace Rice
• Henry Hobson Richardson
• Francis Palmer Smith
• Louis Sullivan
• Edward Lippincott Tilton
• Evarts Tracy of Tracy and Swartwout
• Horace Trumbauer
• Enock Hill Turnock
• Whitney Warren
• Stanford White

Charles McKim, William Mead, and Stanford White would ultimately become partners in the prominent architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White, which designed many well-known Beaux-Arts buildings.^[19]

South America [edit]

Argentine republic [edit]

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• 

• 

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From 1880 the so-called Generation of '80 came to power in Argentine politics. These were admirers of French republic every bit a model republic, particularly with regard to culture and aesthetic tastes. Buenos Aires is a middle of Beaux-Arts architecture which continued to be built as late equally the 1950s.^[20]

Beaux-Arts buildings in Argentine republic [edit]

• 1877–1894: Palacio de Aguas Corrientes, Buenos Aires
• 1889–1908: Teatro Colón, Buenos Aires
• 1889: Pabellón Argentino [es] (Argentine pavilion from the 1889 Paris Exposition Universelle), taken downward and reconstructed in Buenos Aires (demolished in 1932)
• 1890: Estación Mar del Plata Sud [es], Mar del Plata (the train station was closed in 1949, and was later damaged by fire. Although it was renovated, it is today much less adorned)
• 1894–1898: Buenos Aires House of Civilisation, Buenos Aires
• 1898–1906: Palace of the Argentine National Congress, Buenos Aires
• 1908–1910: Club Mar del Plata [es], Mar del Plata (burned downward in 1961)
• 1908–1928: Kirchner Cultural Heart, Buenos Aires
• 1926–1931: Buenos Aires City Legislature Palace, Buenos Aires
• 1908–1910: Tucumán Authorities Palace, San Miguel de Tucumán
• 1924–1929: Estrugamou Building, Buenos Aires

Beaux-Arts architects in Argentina [edit]

• Alejandro Bustillo
• Julio Dormal
• Gainza y Agote
• Alejandro Christophersen
• Edouard Le Monnier
• León Dourge (later an exponent of rationalism)
• Paul Pater
• Jacques Dunant
• Norbert Maillart
• Carlos Thays (landscape architect)

Brazil [edit]

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  Casa Lebre, São Paulo

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  Caetano de Campos House, São Paulo

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  Palace of the Champs Elysees, São Paulo

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  Municipal Theater of São Paulo

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  Coliseu Santista Theater, Santos

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  Tereza Toledo Lara Palace, São Paulo

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  Prates Mansions, São Paulo

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  Tiradentes Palace, Rio de Janeiro

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  Helvetia Palace, São Paulo

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  Alexandre Mackenzie Building, São Paulo

Beaux-Arts buildings in Brazil [edit]

• 1858: Casa Lebre, São Paulo
• 1890–1894: Caetano de Campos Firm, São Paulo
• 1896–1899: Palace of the Champs Elysees, São Paulo
• 1903–1911: Municipal Theater of São Paulo
• 1909: Coliseu Santista Theater, Santos, São Paulo
• 1910: Tereza Toledo Lara Palace, São Paulo
• 1911: Prates Mansions, São Paulo
• 1922–1926: Tiradentes Palace, Rio de Janeiro
• 1923: Helvetia Palace, São Paulo
• 1926–1929: Alexandre Mackenzie Building, São Paulo
• Artemis Hotel, São Paulo
• Banco de São Paulo Building, São Paulo
• Hôtel de La Rotisserie Sportsman, São Paulo
• Mococa Edifice, São Paulo

Republic of colombia [edit]

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  Palacio de San Francisco, Bogotá

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  Capitolio nacional, Bogotá

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  Palacio Echeverri, Bogotá

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  Casa de Nariño, Bogotá

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  Museo de la Policía, Bogotá

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  Teatro Colón, Bogotá

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  Banco Dugand, Barranquilla

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  Antigua Aduana, Barranquilla

Peru [edit]

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  Guild Nacional, Lima

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  Edificio Rímac, Lima

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  Palacio Legislativo del Perú, Lima

Beaux-Arts buildings in Peru [edit]

• 1855: Social club Nacional, Lima
• 1906–1939: Legislative Palace, Lima
• 1919–1924: Edificio Rímac, Lima

Africa [edit]

Mozambique [edit]

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  Mercado Municipal, Maputo

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  Banco da Beira

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  Casa Infante de Sagres, Beira

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  Edifício do Almoxarifado, Beira

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  Escola de Artes e Ofícios, Beira

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  Palácio dos Desportos, Beira

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  Standard Bank Edifice, Beira

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  Tribunal da Beira

Beaux-Arts buildings in Mozambique [edit]

• 1901?: Municipal Market, Maputo
• 1933: Gil Vicente Theater, Maputo
• Banco da Beira, Beira
• Casa Ana, Beira
• Casa Infante de Sagres, Beira
• Edifício practice Almoxarifado, Beira
• Escola de Artes east Ofícios, Beira
• Palácio dos Desportos, Beira
• Standard Bank Building, Beira
• Tribunal da Beira

Asia [edit]

Japan [edit]

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  Kobe Yusen Building, Kobe

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  Mitsui Primary Building, Tokyo

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  Meiji Life Insurance Building, Tokyo

Beaux-Arts buildings in Japan [edit]

• 1918: Kobe Yusen Edifice, Kobe
• 1926–1929: Mitsui Main Building, Tokyo
• 1930–1934: Meiji Life Insurance Edifice, Tokyo
• Yokohama Yusen Building

Philippines [edit]

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  El Hogar Filipino Edifice, Manila

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  Regina Building, Manila

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  Luneta Hotel, Manila

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  University of Santo Tomas Main Edifice, Manila

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  Calvo Building, Manila

Beaux-Arts buildings in Philippines [edit]

• 1914: El Hogar Filipino Building, Escolta, Manila
• 1915: Regina Building, Escolta, Manila
• 1919: Jones Span, Ermita and Binondo, Manila
• 1919: Luneta Hotel, Ermita, Manila
• 1924–1927: University of Santo Tomas Main Building, Sampaloc, Manila
• 1928: Natividad Building, Escolta, Manila
• 1938: Calvo Building, Escolta, Manila
• Natalio Enriquez Mansion, Sariaya, Quezon

Oceania [edit]

Australia [edit]

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  Flinders Street railway station, Melbourne

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  General Post Function, Perth

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  State Savings Bank building, Sydney

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  Bank of New Southward Wales building, Brisbane

Several Australian cities have some significant examples of the manner. It was typically applied to big, solid-looking public office buildings and banks, particularly during the 1920s.

Beaux-Arts buildings in Commonwealth of australia [edit]

• 1900–1910: Flinders Street railway station, Melbourne
• 1914–1923: Full general Mail service Part building, Forrest Place, Perth
• 1916: Perpetual Trustee Company Limited, Hunter Street, Sydney
• 1917: Former Mail Substitution Building, Melbourne
• 1920: National Theatre, Melbourne
• 1925–1928: Democracy Bank edifice, Martin Place, Sydney
• 1926: Argus Building, La Trobe Street, Melbourne
• 1927: Emily McPherson College of Domestic Economy, Melbourne
• 1928–1930: Bank of New South Wales edifice, Elizabeth Street, Brisbane
• 1928: Port Authority building, Melbourne
• 1928 Herald Weekly Times Edifice, Flinders Street, Melbourne
• 1933: Commonwealth Banking concern edifice, Forrest Place, Perth

New Zealand [edit]

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  Erstwhile Auckland Railway Station, Auckland

Beaux-Arts buildings in New Zealand [edit]

• 1928–1930: Auckland Railway Station, Auckland

Run into also [edit]

• Academic fine art
• 2d Empire architecture
• Beaux Arts Village, Washington

References [edit]

1. ^ Marinache, Oana (2017). Paul Gottereau - Un Regal în Arhitectură (in Romanian). Editura Istoria Artei. p. 184. ISBN978-606-8839-09-7.
2. ^ ^{a b} Robin Middleton, ed. (1982). The Beaux-Arts and Nineteenth-century French Architecture. London: Thames and Hudson.
3. ^ Texier 2012, p. 76.
4. ^ ^{a b c d east f g h i} Clues to American Architecture. Klein and Fogle. 1986. p. 38. ISBN0-913515-18-three.
5. ^ Arthur Drexler, ed. (1977). The Compages of the École des Beaux-Arts. New York: Museum of Modern Fine art.
6. ^ Texier 2012, pp. 76–77.
7. ^ "Academy Architect". campserv.emory.edu.
8. ^ "A New Era of Celebrated Grandeur is Ushered in with Opening of Amway 1000 Plaza, Curio Collection by Hilton". Retrieved 7 September 2019.
9. ^ Texier 2012.
10. ^ James Philip Noffsinger. The Influence of the École des Beaux-arts on the Architects of the United States (Washington DC., Catholic Academy of America Press, 1955).
11. ^ Howe, Jeffery. "Beaux-Arts Architecture in America". world wide web.bc.edu. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 1 Baronial 2017.
12. ^ Chafee, Richard. The Architecture of the École des Beaux-Arts. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1977.
13. ^ Jarzombek, Mark (2004). Designing MIT: Bosworth's New Tech. Northeastern University Printing.
14. ^ "Emory to annihilate John Portman-designed Dobbs University Center". Archpaper.com. 13 Feb 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
15. ^ "Compages | The Basilica of Saint Mary". www.mary.org . Retrieved 9 November 2017.
16. ^ National Register of Celebrated Places Nomination Grade [page 3]. National Park Service of the U.Due south. Department of the Interior, September 1977, equally recorded to the Maryland State Athenaeum, 2 Dec 1992. Accessed fourteen Jan 2016.
17. ^ Marcus, Jonathan. "Michigan Fundamental and the rebirth of Detroit". BBC News . Retrieved 16 July 2019.
18. ^ Beaux-arts Architecture in New York: A Photographic Guide Front Cover Courier Dover Publications, 1988 (page vii–viii)
19. ^ Richard Guy Wilson. McKim, Mead & White, Architects (New York: Rizzoli, 1983)
20. ^ Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Compages, Stephen Sennott (ed.), p. 186

Bibliography [edit]

• Texier, Simon (2012). Paris- Panorama de 50'architecture. Parigramme. ISBN978-2-84096-667-8. a ddi

Further reading [edit]

• Reed, Henry Hope and Edmund V. Gillon Jr. 1988. Beaux-Arts Compages in New York: A Photographic Guide (Dover Publications: Mineola NY)
• United States. Commission of Fine Arts. 1978, 1988 (2 vols.). Sixteenth Street Architecture (The Commission of Fine Arts: Washington, D.C.: The Commission) – profiles of Beaux-Arts architecture in Washington D.C. SuDoc FA 1.2: AR 2.

External links [edit]

• New York architecture images, Beaux-Arts gallery
• Advertisement film well-nigh the usage of the Beaux Arts style every bit a reference in kitchen design
• Hallidie Building

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture

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